What is the purpose of a lightning rod?

A lightning rod serves the critical purpose of protecting structures and trees from lightning strikes. When placed on a tree, the lightning rod acts as a metal conductor that attracts lightning, channeling the electrical discharge safely into the ground rather than allowing it to pass through the tree itself. This helps to prevent damage to the tree’s tissues and reduces the risk of fire and other hazards that can result from a lightning strike.

By directing the electricity safely away, the lightning rod minimizes potential harm to the tree and surrounding structures, ensuring the safety of both. This protection is vital, especially in areas that experience frequent thunderstorms. The other options do not align with the primary function of a lightning rod, as they focus on tree growth, photosynthesis, or providing shade, aspects that are unrelated to lightning protection.